OCDE - Data on homelessness and housing exclusion 2026 - Luxemburgo de 2026

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DATA ON HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION 2026: LUXEMBOURG © OECD 2026

Summary of key data and information Summary of key data and information Official statistical definition of homelessness (Table 1) The official statistical definition of homelessness in Luxembourg is based on the European Typology of Homelessness and Housing Exclusion and specifically includes category 1 (people living rough), category 2 (people in emergency accommodation) and category 3 (people in accommodation for the homeless). Latest national estimates of homelessness (Table 2, Table 3) 429 individuals, representing 0.06% of the total population (2024) 17% are women, 80% are men Point-in-time based on the homelessness count in Luxembourg. ETHOS Light groups included Included: • ETHOS Light 1: Living on the streets, in public spaces • ETHOS Light 2: Emergency accommodation (e.g. shelters) • ETHOS Light 3: Accommodation for the homeless (e.g. hostels and women’s refuges) Not included: • ETHOS Light 4: People in institutions • ETHOS Light 5: People in non-conventional dwellings (e.g. caravans, cars or tents) • ETHOS Light 6: Living temporarily with others in conventional housing (e.g. sofa-surfing) Notes: Each ETHOS Light group includes one or more sub-categories of living situations. ETHOS Light groups are considered as “included” in the data collection approach if at least one of the sub-categories is counted. The fifth homelessness count, conducted in December 2024 in the two largest cities in Luxembourg, combined with data from a winter-only shelter, enumerated people experiencing homelessness in ETHOS 1 (152 individuals), ETHOS 2 (209 individuals), and ETHOS 3 (68 individuals). Legal framework to collect data on homelessness (Table 4) There is no legal obligation to collect data on homelessness in Luxembourg. Homelessness Strategy (Table 5)

2 (209 individuals), and ETHOS 3 (68 individuals). Legal framework to collect data on homelessness (Table 4) There is no legal obligation to collect data on homelessness in Luxembourg. Homelessness Strategy (Table 5) • National Homelessness Strategy: A national Homelessness Strategy is under development. • Housing exclusion is addressed in another national strategy: Plan d’action national pour la prévention et la lutte contre la pauvreté. Approaches to collect data on homelessness (Table 6) • Annual Activity Report: The Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees, collects homelessness data from service providers funded by the ministry every year (Table 6.1). • Homelessness count in Luxembourg: Street count and counts in emergency and temporary accommodation with a questionnaire in the two largest cities of the country, additionally covering a winter-only shelter (Table 6.2).

Data on homelessness and housing exclusion 2026: Luxembourg2  DATA ON HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION 2026: LUXEMBOURG © OECD 2026

Table 1. Official statistical definition of homelessness Statistical definition Homelessness As of 2024, the definition of homelessness in Luxembourg is based on the European Typology of Homelessness and Housing Exclusion (ETHOS), serving as the reference framework for the national homelessness count. Statistics are based on the following categories: • ETHOS 1: people living rough (sleeping in public space or external space) • ETHOS 2: people in emergency accommodation (sleeping in night shelters) • ETHOS 3: people in accommodation for the homeless (temporary accommodation, transitional supported accommodation) In addition, an annual activity report is published by the Ministry of Family Affairs, monitoring the offers of accommodation for homeless people as well as the occupancy of these offers, so that data from ETHOS 2 (people in emergency accommodation (night shelter)) and ETHOS 3 (People in accommodation for the homeless) can be collected for statistical purposes.

homeless people as well as the occupancy of these offers, so that data from ETHOS 2 (people in emergency accommodation (night shelter)) and ETHOS 3 (People in accommodation for the homeless) can be collected for statistical purposes. Table 2. Data on people experiencing homelessness: Headline estimate, by living situation Presented according to ETHOS Light Typology Year Headline estimate of homelessness (Individuals) % of total population ETHOS Light 1 People living rough ETHOS Light 2 People in emergency accommodation ETHOS Light 3 People in accommodation for the homeless ETHOS Light 4 People living in institutions ETHOS Light 5 People living in unconventional dwellings ETHOS Light 6 People staying with family/friends 2018 347 0.06% NA NA NA NA NA NA 2022 696 0.11% Not included 445 251 Not included Not included Not included 2024 429 0.06% 143 219 68 Not included Not included Not included Metadata: • Type of count: Point-in-time (2024); Flow (2018, 2022) • Data are comparable across years: Yes (2018 and 2022); No (2024)

• Included in headline estimate:

o Children: No o Temporary accommodation for: ‒ Asylum seekers: No ‒ Refugees: No ‒ Victims/survivors of domestic violence: No Note: The figures for 2018 and 2022 are drawn from the Annual Activity Reports of the Ministry of Family Affairs, while the 2024 data are based on the national point-in-time homelessness count. In line with Luxembourg’s commitment to evidence-based policymaking, the scope and methodology of the national count have been progressively strengthened since 2022. Initially limited to the capital, the exercise has since been extended to the

the national point-in-time homelessness count. In line with Luxembourg’s commitment to evidence-based policymaking, the scope and methodology of the national count have been progressively strengthened since 2022. Initially limited to the capital, the exercise has since been extended to the second-largest city and to the winter-only shelter. At the same time, the coverage has expanded from ETHOS categories 1 and 2 to include ETHOS category 3. This broader classification allows for a more precise one-night snapshot of homelessness and reduces the risk of double counting that can arise from flow-based data in annual service reports. In addition, the point-in-time count captures shelters that are not included in the Ministryfunded providers’ annual reports, thereby offering a completer and more comprehensive picture of homelessness in Luxembourg. For this reason, data for 2018 and 2022 are comparable with each other, but not with data from 2024. 4. Please note that for 2022 activities and publications, references to the Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together, and Reception of Refugees refer to the Ministry of Family Affairs, Integration, and the Greater Region, which was renamed following the 2023 legislative elections.

Source: OECD Questionnaire on Affordable and Social Housing (QuASH); Ministry of Family Affairs, Integration and the Greater Region (2022), Annual Activity Report; Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees (2024), Cinquième Recensement des personnes sans-abri et sans domicile au Luxembourg.

Table 3. Data on people experiencing homelessness: Headline estimate, by sub-group and living situation Presented according to ETHOS Light Typology, 2024 Single adults Men Women Youth (aged 18-29) Older people (aged 65 and over) Families with children (# of households) 3

DATA ON HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION 2026: LUXEMBOURG © OECD 2026

Headline estimate of homelessness 429 344 75 36 11 NA As percentage of total population

Families with children (# of households) 3

DATA ON HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION 2026: LUXEMBOURG © OECD 2026

Headline estimate of homelessness 429 344 75 36 11 NA As percentage of total population experiencing homelessness 100% 80.19% 17.48% 8.39% 2.56% NA ETHOS Light 1: People living rough 143 111 28 12 1 NA ETHOS Light 2: People in emergency accommodation 218 186 31 21 7 NA ETHOS Light 3: People in accommodation for the homeless 68 47 16 3 3 NA ETHOS Light 4: People living in institutions NA NA NA NA NA NA ETHOS Light 5: People living in unconventional dwellings NA NA NA NA NA NA ETHOS Light 6: People staying with family/friends NA NA NA NA NA NA Metadata: • Type of count: Point-in-time

• Included in headline estimate:

o Children: No o Temporary accommodation for: ‒ Asylum seekers: No ‒ Refugees: No ‒ Victims/survivors of domestic violence: No Note: Sub-groups are not mutually exclusive.

Source: OECD Questionnaire on Affordable and Social Housing (QuASH); Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees (2024), Cinquième Recensement des personnes sans-abri et sans domicile au Luxembourg.

Table 4. Legal framework to collect data on homelessness Legal framework Law that governs data collection on homelessness None. Legal obligations None. Table 5. Homelessness strategy Homelessness strategies in place National Homelessness Strategy • National Homelessness Strategy: A national Homelessness Strategy is under development. • Housing exclusion is addressed in another national strategy: Plan d’action national pour la prévention et la lutte contre la pauvreté.

Table 5. Homelessness strategy Homelessness strategies in place National Homelessness Strategy • National Homelessness Strategy: A national Homelessness Strategy is under development. • Housing exclusion is addressed in another national strategy: Plan d’action national pour la prévention et la lutte contre la pauvreté. Regional and/or local homelessness strategies exist No. Table 6. Approaches to collect data on homelessness 6.1. Annual Activity Report Description The Annual Activity Report is based on data from service providers that hav e signed a convention with the Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees, and are receiving financial support through that convention. The report provides an overview on the offers of accommodation (emergency, short, tran sitional or long-term) for people experiencing homelessness or formerly experiencing homelessness, as well as households affected by housing exclusion living in temporary housing (average of 3 years). Type of count generated Flow (period) Methods Service-based method Lead authority(ies) Source(s) of information4  DATA ON HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION 2026: LUXEMBOURG © OECD 2026

Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees1 Service providers provide data on the capacity and use of services. Scope National level Depth of data Data disaggregated by: type of service provided, space available (in shelters, etc) and the age, gender and nationality of people experiencing homelessness. Frequency Annual ETHOS Light groups included: • ETHOS Light 2: Emergency accommodation (e.g. shelters) • ETHOS Light 3: Accommodation for the homeless (e.g. hostels and women’s refuges)

Note: Each ETHOS Light group includes one or more subcategories of living situations. ETHOS Light groups are considered as “included” in the data collection approach if at least one of the sub-categories is counted.

Notes and sources

Note: Each ETHOS Light group includes one or more subcategories of living situations. ETHOS Light groups are considered as “included” in the data collection approach if at least one of the sub-categories is counted.

Notes and sources

1. For 2022 activities and publications, references to the Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together, and Reception of Refugees refer to the Ministry of Family Affairs, Integration, and the Greater Region, which was renamed following the 2023 legislative elections.

Rapport d'activité 2024 du ministère de la Famille, des Solidarités, du Vivre ensemble et de l'Accueil (gouvernement.lu)

6.2. Homelessness Count in Luxembourg Description Street count performed, twice a year since 2022, by the Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees in cooperation with Inter-Actions, the social partner responsible for coordinating and implementing the street count. The street count includes a questionnaire to better understand the causes of homelessness and the needs of people experiencing homelessness. In line with Luxembourg’s commitment to evidence-based policymaking, the scope and methodology of the national count have been progressively strengthened since the first edition in 2022. In December 2024, 100 professionals from various social services participated in the street count. Type of count generated Point-in-time Methods Street count Lead authority(ies) Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception of Refugees1 Source(s) of information People experiencing homelessness provide information directly. Scope The first count was conducted only in the capital city. It has since been expanded to include the second-largest city in the country, as well as winter-only shelter, and will be further extended to the national level in future editions. Depth of data Where people experiencing homelessness are sleeping, period of homelessness experienced, causes of homelessness, health status, needs, future pl ans or goals and concerns. Frequency Biannual

ETHOS Light groups included:

extended to the national level in future editions. Depth of data Where people experiencing homelessness are sleeping, period of homelessness experienced, causes of homelessness, health status, needs, future pl ans or goals and concerns. Frequency Biannual ETHOS Light groups included: • ETHOS Light 1: Living on the streets, in public spaces • ETHOS Light 2: Emergency accommodation (e.g. shelters) • ETHOS Light 3: Accommodation for the homeless (e.g. hostels and women’s refuges)

Note: Each ETHOS Light group includes one or more subcategories of living situations. ETHOS Light groups are considered as “included” in the data collection approach if at least one of the sub-categories is counted.

Notes and sources

1. For 2022 activities and publications, references to the Ministry of Family Affairs, Solidarity, Living Together, and Reception of Refugees refer to the Ministry of Family Affairs, Integration, and the Greater Region, which was renamed following the 2023 legislative elections.

https://mfsva.gouvernement.lu/dam-assets/publications/rapport-etude-analyse/etat-des-lieux-sans-abrisme/202412-rapport-5-recensement-sans-abrismevf.pdf 5

DATA ON HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION 2026: LUXEMBOURG © OECD 2026

Please refer to the OECD Affordable Housing Database, indicator HC3.1.Population experiencing homelessness, https://www.oecd.org/content/oecd/en/data/datasets/oecd-affordable-housingdatabase.html.

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