OEA - AG - Resolución AG08381E03

GENERAL ASSEMBLY

FIFTY-FIRST REGULAR SESSION OEA/Ser.P November 10 to 12, 2021 AG/doc.5731/21 Guatemala City, Guatemala 5 November 2021

VIRTUAL Original: Spanish Item 14 on the agenda

DRAFT RESOLUTION

ADVANCING HEMISPHERIC SECURITY: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH

(Agreed upon by the Permanent Council at the virtual regular meeting held on November 4, 2021, and referred to the plenary of the General Assembly for consideration) THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, HAVING SEEN the “Annual Report of the Permanent Council to the General Assembly October 2020-October 2021” (AG/doc.xxxx/21 add. 1), in particular the section on the activities of the Committee on Hemispheric Security (CSH); HAVING SEEN the annual reports presented to the General Assembly , at its fifty-first regular session by the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) (CP/doc.5718/21), the InterAmerican Committee against Terrorism (CICTE) ( CP/doc.5686/21) and the Inter-American Defense Board (IADB) (CP/doc.5687/21); THANKING CICAD, CICTE, and the IADB for the valuable support extended to the member states in their respective areas of expertise, and recognizing the importance of continuing to strengthen those organs and entities in order to make further progress with promoting security in the region under a multidimensional approach; and BEARING IN MIND the results, reports, and recommendations of the meetings and conferences on security-related matters held in implementation of the mandates of this General Assembly,1/

RESOLVES:

I. ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON HEMISPHERIC SECURITY

AND THE MEMBER STATES

1. To reaffirm the ongoing validity of the applicable General Assembly mandates on

hemispheric security (document CP/CSH/INF.548/21), to urge the Permanent Council, through the Committee on Hemispheric Security (CSH), and member states to continue contributing to the attainment of the objectives established in those mandates through the development, execution,

1. Sixty-eighth regular session of CICAD, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, December 9 to 11, 2020; Twentieth regular meeting of the Consultative Committee of CIFTA, virtual, December 17, 2020; ...- 2evaluation, and reporting of programs, the exchange of information, and the adoption of cooperation measures and policies, as well as through mutual assistance, and technical and financial contributions and support; and to instruct the General Secretariat to provide the necessary support to those ends and continue its implementation of those mandates.

I. Hemispheric multidimensional security outlook and review

A. Declaration on Security in the Americas

2. To instruct the CSH to continue the process of reviewing the Declaration on Security in the Americas, taking into account the new threats, concerns, and other challenges in order to assess the advisability of convening a special conference on security in order to continue fostering hemispheric security. To that end, to request that, following the holding of the Ninth Summit of the Americas in 2022, the Secretariat make available to member states, during the second half of 2022, a summary of the views provided on the subject in the framework of the CSH.

B. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on hemispheric security

3. To request the CSH to invite the IADB to make such contributions as it deems necessary to enhance the document on the best practices and challenges entailed in confronting a pandemic from a security perspective, and to request member states that have not yet done so to send that information to the Secretariat.

II. Commitments to peace, disarmament and non-proliferation

A. The Americas as a zone of peace

4. To recognize the efforts made by the Committee on Hemispheric Security to hold a meeting with the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission, during the 2020-2021 term, and

that information to the Secretariat.

II. Commitments to peace, disarmament and non-proliferation

A. The Americas as a zone of peace

4. To recognize the efforts made by the Committee on Hemispheric Security to hold a meeting with the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission, during the 2020-2021 term, and encourage it to continue to pursue its outreach to the Commission to facilitate the exchange of good practices in peacebuilding and sustaining peace in the region.

5. To continue to advance citizen security and building the resilience of the member states by promoting democracy, human rights, security, and development, the four pillars of the OAS.

B. Disarmament and non-proliferation in the Hemisphere

6. To reaffirm its commitment to continue promoting the regimes for disarmament and nonproliferation of weapons of mass destruction from within the region based on the principles of universality and non-discrimination, in order to contribute to bolstering security and confidence among the Hemisphere’s States and to the objective of a more peaceful and safer world. In particular, to step up efforts to prevent the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, and their means of delivery.

7. To continue promoting the full implementation of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (Treaty of Tlatelolco) on the occasion of its 54th anniversary, as a demonstration that the establishment of nuclear weapons-free zones and the absence of nuclear weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean contribute to efforts towards general and3complete disarmament; and to continue full implementation of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons by all states in the region. To that end, to encourage states parties to Additional Protocols I and II of the Treaty of Tlatelolco to review their interpretative declarations in this regard, reaffirming and recognizing the legitimate interests of the states that form the nuclear-weapon-free zone in Latin America and the Caribbean to receive full and unequivocal security assurances from the nuclear-weapon states.

8. To recognize the inalienable right of States to use nuclear energy for peaceful

reaffirming and recognizing the legitimate interests of the states that form the nuclear-weapon-free zone in Latin America and the Caribbean to receive full and unequivocal security assurances from the nuclear-weapon states.

8. To recognize the inalienable right of States to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, in conformity with Articles I, II, III, and IV of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and in accordance with each state’s legal system and international obligations, and the importance of the nuclear safeguards of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); as well as of regional organizations such as the Argentine-Brazilian Agency for Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials (ABACC), in assuring the exclusively peaceful nature of nuclear activities.

9. To strengthen the implementation of measures related to biosafety and biosecurity, in line with United Nations Security Council resolution 1540 (2004) and the Biological Weapons Convention, in order to strengthen national capacities to respond on the subject.

10. To request that the Secretariat of the Inter-American Committee against Terrorism

(CICTE) continue to support member states in their nonproliferation efforts through actions that make it possible, inter alia, to disseminate lessons learned; exchange experiences; identify priorities and needs, including the development of voluntary national implementation action plans; and encourage greater information exchanges with other international, regional, and subregional organizations, including the relevant United Nations bodies; and to report to the Committee on Hemispheric Security on the results of its work.

C. The Americas as an antipersonnel-landmine-free zone 2/

11. To reaffirm the objectives of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (Ottawa Convention), and to urge states parties to intensify their efforts as much as possible to rid their territories of mined areas by 2025, based on the Oslo Action Plan.

12. To recognize the efforts made by the Governments of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru to make progress with humanitarian demining actions within their territories, and to urge the member states and permanent observers to provide technical and financial assistance so that these countries can continue to implement their respective programs.

13. To request that the General Secretariat, through the Program for Comprehensive Action against Antipersonnel Mines (AICMA) of the Secretariat for Multidimensional Security (SMS) Department of Public Security (DPS), continue its outreach to member states, permanent observers, other states, and donor organizations, with a view to identifying and securing voluntary financial resources for comprehensive mine action programs to be executed by member states requesting technical assistance and cooperation to continue their efforts in humanitarian demining, explosive

2. The United States is not a Party to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction. The United States is the largest contributor …- 4ordnance risk education for the affected populations, physical and psychological rehabilitation of the victims and their families, and socioeconomic recovery of the areas cleared of mines.

14. To request the Inter-American Defense Board (IADB) to continue providing the DPS's AICMA Program with technical advice.

III. Strengthening hemispheric security and defense cooperation

A. Conference of Ministers of Defense of the Americas

15. To note the outcomes of the Fourteenth Conference of Defense Ministers of the Americas (XIV CMDA), chaired by Chile and held virtually on December 3, 2020, and to support member states in implementing the Declaration of Santiago ( CP/CSH/INF.539/21), through the CSH and the IADB.

16. To offer the Government of Brazil the necessary support and advice requested from the OAS, through the IADB, to contribute to the success of the Fifteenth CMDA, which is to be held in 2022.

17. To continue cooperation among the CMDA and the OAS, through the IADB on ongoing work and ongoing projects involving natural disasters, confidenceand security-building measures.

B. Confidenceand security-building measures in the Americas

in 2022.

17. To continue cooperation among the CMDA and the OAS, through the IADB on ongoing work and ongoing projects involving natural disasters, confidenceand security-building measures.

B. Confidenceand security-building measures in the Americas

18. To adopt the recommendations of the Chair of the Ninth Forum on Confidenceand Security-Building Measures, held virtually on July 22, 2021, document CP/CSH-2092/21.

19. To request that the OAS Secretariat (in particular DOITs and the SMS), the IADB and CICTE update the electronic management platform of the OAS Inter-American CSBM database

(http://www.oas.org/MFCS/), and to urge member states and the donor partner community to consider providing financial support to that end.

20. To strengthen common objectives and inter-American principles among the member states to bolster hemispheric security, in accordance with the Declaration on Security in the Americas.

21. To consider holding consultations and doing exchange visits between the OAS and OSCE to advance regional and global application of CSBMs. (Agreed, September 23)

IV. Public security, justice, and violence and crime prevention

A. Process of Meetings of Ministers Responsible for Public Security in the Americas

(MISPA)

22. To request the Permanent Council to set the date for the eighth meeting of Ministers Responsible for Public Security in the Americas (MISPA VIII), which will be chaired by El Salvador and held in 2022.- 523. To thank the Government of Ecuador for chairing and leading the work of the third meeting of the Subsidiary Technical Working Group on Police Management and the first meeting of the Subsidiary Technical Working Group on Emergency Services, and to take note of the recommendations transmitted to the MISPA VIII process that were included in documents GTS/GPO/doc.14/21 rev. 2 and GTS/SES/doc.3/21 rev. 1.

24. To thank the Subsidiary Technical Working Group on Emergency Services for its work on the preparation of the “Guide for the Establishment and Strengthening of National Emergency and Security Systems,” developed under the coordination of the Department of Public Security of the OAS with the participation of operational, administrative and strategic experts from various member states, with experience in addressing, coordination and interaction in different types of emergencies.

B. Preventing violence and crime

25. To request that the SMS, through the DPS and subject to the availability of financial resources, continue to support member states that so request, with: a) implementation of violence and crime prevention projects under the InterAmerican Program for the Prevention of Violence and Crime, pursuant to resolution AG/RES. 2950 (L-O/20); b) violence prevention, comprehensive assistance to victims and survivors, and referral to existing services, encouraging multi-sector stakeholder involvement, and promoting coordinated action on local violence prevention policies, through the Department of Public Security’s “OASIS: Music for the Prevention of Violence” program; c) designing and implementing online, self-guided, and/or dynamic training courses, on issues related to violence and crime prevention, in a systematic and sustainable manner; and d) developing focused, evidence-based policies to implement the recommendations made in the Hemispheric Plan of Action to Guide the Design of Public Policies to Prevent and Reduce Intentional Homicide

(document AG/doc.5667/19 rev. 1). e) the production and promotion of statistics and studies for crime prevention, bearing in mind the UNODC questionnaire or according to such procedures and/or criteria as the national authorities of the member states may establish for that purpose.

26. To support the efforts of the OAS Department of Public Security to conduct the study requested in resolution AG/RES. 2945 (XLIX-O/19), on the role of private military and security companies (PMSCs) and the challenges states face in the context of the participation and involvement of PMSCs in public security in the Hemisphere.

C. Information and knowledge with regard to multidimensional security

27. To urge member states, as appropriate, to complete the Form for the Collection of

companies (PMSCs) and the challenges states face in the context of the participation and involvement of PMSCs in public security in the Hemisphere.

C. Information and knowledge with regard to multidimensional security

27. To urge member states, as appropriate, to complete the Form for the Collection of Information on Initiatives to Prevent and Reduce Homicide in the region, as part of the implementation of the recommendations in the Hemispheric Plan of Action to Guide the Development of Public Policies to Prevent and Reduce Intentional Homicide (document AG/doc.5667/19 rev. 1).- 628. To request that the SMS, through the relevant departments, coordinate with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) to encourage OAS member states to respond, as appropriate, to the Questionnaire on Illicit Arms Flows and the Questionnaire for the Global Report on Trafficking in Persons, using the current cooperative arrangement established for data collection between the OAS and UNODC on the United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of

Criminal Justice Systems.

29. To encourage member states, with support of the OAS General Secretariat and of the relevant organs, agencies, and entities of the OAS, as appropriate, to incorporate the gender perspective, the gender identity perspective, and the sexual orientation perspective in the collection of crime statistics by national authorities and national and international observatories.3/4/

D. Advancing police cooperation

30. To request the General Secretariat to continue, through the DPS and within the InterAmerican Network for Police Development and Professionalization (REDPPOL), to support the strengthening of police force capacity through implementation and certification of quality management in police procedures.

31. To thank the Government of Ecuador for appointing a police officer to support the General Secretariat, through the DPS, with implementation of REDPPOL, and in particular the Virtual Platform. Furthermore, to request the DPS to report, in 2022, on the progress with the activities of said platform.

32. To thank the Government of El Salvador for its offer to host the third in-person police training course of the Inter-American Network for Police Development and Professionalization

Platform. Furthermore, to request the DPS to report, in 2022, on the progress with the activities of said platform.

32. To thank the Government of El Salvador for its offer to host the third in-person police training course of the Inter-American Network for Police Development and Professionalization

(REDPPOL), which will be held in 2022. To request that the SMS, through the DPS, submits the outcome of this police training course to MISPA VIII.

33. To report on progress achieved between AMERIPOL and SMS on the provision of technical assistance, studies and police subject matter experts on loan to the OAS.

E. Justice, penitentiary and prison systems

34. To thank the Government of Honduras for its offer to chair the Fifth Meeting of Officials Responsible for the Penitentiary and Prison Policies of the OAS Member States, scheduled to be held during the first half of 2022, and to request the General Secretariat to allocate the necessary funds in the budget for the aforementioned meeting and for preparatory meetings to be held, and to render the necessary support for the preparations.

35. To urge the member states to consider implementing the Recommendations of the Fourth Meeting of Officials Responsible for the Penitentiary and Prison Policies of the OAS Member States, adopted at Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, in February 2020.

3. Paraguay will take this section into consideration, provided that it does not conflict with its current laws; and does not accept those definitions or terms that are not provided for under its domestic laws.

4. The delegations of Antigua and Barbuda, Guatemala, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago have advised that they will send their respective footnotes for this paragraph.- 7F. Improved Coordination for Strengthening Public Security in the Americas

36. To welcome the Conclusions and Recommendations of the Eleventh Meeting of

Ministers of Justice or other Ministers or Attorneys General of the Americas (REMJA XI), specifically the provisions of section V.A, “Synergies between REMJA and MISPA.” Accordingly, to request the REMJA and MISPA processes to work to coordinate efforts within their interrelated areas of competence, in order to take mutual advantage of their developments and avoid duplication of efforts.

37. To request that the Permanent Council consider convening a joint session of MISPA and REMJA, taking into account the importance of jointly addressing various issues within the scope of both processes, and to request that the CSH and the Committee on Juridical and Political Affairs identify possible topics as agenda items for that joint meeting.

38. To request that the SMS and the Secretariat for Legal Affairs (SLA) report to the Committee, in the second half of 2022, on the activities undertaken to strengthen coordination between the two secretariats with regard to implementing the recommendations of the MISPA and REMJA processes.

39. To encourage member states to share best practices on the use of force in the maintenance of law and order by law enforcement authorities that ensure compliance with applicable national and international rules and standards in this area.

G. Promoting cyber security

40. To recognize the growing threat to member states’ security presented by malicious cyber incidents, including those targeted at civilian infrastructure, and to highlight the importance of hemispheric cooperation and action to increase national capacities and resilience against those threats.

41. To take steps to address shared threats in cyberspace, including malicious cyber activities that have disrupted critical infrastructure and services to citizens and economies in the hemisphere, and to work to hold accountable actors engaging in ransomware and other related illicit activities.

42. To request that the SMS, through the Executive Secretary of CICTE, support member states in preparing strategies to strengthen cybersecurity and to continue to expand member states’ knowledge-sharing, good practices, training, and educational activities.

43. To urge member states that have not yet done so to consider accession to the Council of Europe’s Convention on Cybercrime.

V. Transnational organized crime

A. Combating transnational organized crime

44. To welcome the holding and outcomes of the Third Meeting of National Authorities

knowledge-sharing, good practices, training, and educational activities.

43. To urge member states that have not yet done so to consider accession to the Council of Europe’s Convention on Cybercrime.

V. Transnational organized crime

A. Combating transnational organized crime

44. To welcome the holding and outcomes of the Third Meeting of National Authorities on Transnational Organized Crime (RANDOT III), chaired by the United States and held virtually June 23-24, 2021, and to urge the states to implement the recommendations by the national authorities

(document RANDOT-III/doc.2/21 rev. 1 ). The General Assembly further resolves to adopt the8Hemispheric Strategy to prevent and combat transnational organized crime, drawing on the document prepared by the SMS and considered by RANDOT III (RANDOT-III/doc.5/21 rev. 1); and: a. To convene a meeting of National Points of Contact on transnational organized crime, to be held in the second half of 2022, and b. To request that the General Secretariat implement the recommendations within its competence identified in the recommendations approved by

RANDOT III.

45. To request that the SMS, through the DTOC, on request, provide OAS member states with technical assistance to: a) Improve or strengthen criminal and financial intelligence structures, as appropriate, by using suitable tools, to improve the channels of communication and coordination among all authorities responsible for combating transnational organized crime (TOC), in a non-arbitrary manner, applying information and communication technologies (ICTs) within appropriate national legal frameworks that respect human rights. b) improve or enhance efforts against illicit economies associated with serious forms of crime, in order to implement mechanisms to reduce the risk associated with all serious criminal activities tied to international illicit economic activities; and c) build capacities to assess and address risks associated with the use of virtual assets by organized crime and their corresponding warning signs; as well as on new criminal modalities used by organized crime groups through virtual environments; and

46. To invite member states, within the framework of international law and national legislation, to strengthen inter-institutional cooperation mechanisms for the protection of airspace, in

assets by organized crime and their corresponding warning signs; as well as on new criminal modalities used by organized crime groups through virtual environments; and

46. To invite member states, within the framework of international law and national legislation, to strengthen inter-institutional cooperation mechanisms for the protection of airspace, in order to counteract and deter the air trafficking of controlled substances.

B. Hemispheric efforts to combat trafficking in persons

47. To welcome the holding and outcomes of the Sixth Meeting of National Authorities on Trafficking in Persons (RTP VI), chaired by Argentina and held virtually on May 13-14, 2021, and to urge member states to implement the recommendations “Challenges in the Fight against Trafficking in Times of Pandemic,” approved by the national authorities and issued as a document RTPVI/doc.4/21 rev. 1. The General Assembly further resolves: a) To extend for one year the Second Work Plan against Trafficking in Persons in the Western Hemisphere; b) To request that the working group on Trafficking in Persons continue the process of developing and approving the Third Work Plan, with the participation of National Authorities on Trafficking in Persons, as a guide for action by member states and the OAS General Secretariat for the 2022-2027 period;- 9c) To note the design of the Knowledge Platform on Human Trafficking, operated by the SMS, and to request that its implementation move forward; d) To thank the Government of Argentina for chairing RTP VI; e) To welcome the commitment made by the Government of the United States to Chair the CSH Working Group on Trafficking in Persons, and to Chair and host the Seventh Meeting of National Authorities on Trafficking in Persons

(RTP VII), to be held in 2023; and f) To request that the General Secretariat implement the recommendations within its competence, as identified in the recommendations approved by RTP VI.

48. To welcome the entry of the OAS General Secretariat into the United Nations InterAgency Coordination Group against Trafficking in Persons (ICAT).

49. To instruct the SMS to continue, through the DPS, to undertake and support member

states so requesting, in:

VI.

48. To welcome the entry of the OAS General Secretariat into the United Nations InterAgency Coordination Group against Trafficking in Persons (ICAT).

49. To instruct the SMS to continue, through the DPS, to undertake and support member states so requesting, in: a. developing specific laws on trafficking in persons and complementary regulations aligned with international standards and, as applicable, with the model law and the legislative guidelines issued by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC); and b. the development of interventions to implement public policies on human trafficking at the local level, by encouraging training for stakeholders in the public and private sectors and civil society; executing activities to promote stronger cross-sector and interagency coordination, in addition to other activities to be identified at the country level. c. inviting persons who have experienced and survived various forms of trafficking to share their points of view with member states and the General

Secretariat.

50. To request the SMS, through the DTOC, to provide member states so requesting with technical assistance and training in financial intelligence to combat trafficking in persons, as well as in asset investigation for confiscation of traffickers’ assets to be used towards prosecuting the crime and towards caring for and protecting victims and survivors.

C. Illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects

51. To urge more member states to participate in the technical validation of the CrossBorder Regional Communication Mechanism on Illicit Transfers of Firearms and Ammunition

(MCTA), developed by the DPS, and to be reviewed by the CIFTA states parties for consideration.

52. To request the SMS to continue, through the DPS and in coordination with the DTOC,

to support member states that so request, under: a. The Program of Assistance for Control of Arms and Destruction of Munitions (PACAM), to provide technical and material assistance in arms and10ammunition control, in accordance with the provisions of the CIFTA and the priorities set out in its 2018-2022 Course of Action and in paragraph 108 of resolution AG/RES. 2950 (L-O/20), including providing technical support to combat illicit firearms trafficking, especially at ports, airports, and border crossings; b. The project “In support of Countering Illicit Proliferation and Trafficking of Small Arms, Light Weapons (SALW) and Ammunition and Their Impact in Latin America and the Caribbean,” and to report on progress in implementing said project for the 2021-2022 period of the project “In support of Countering Illicit Proliferation and Trafficking of Small Arms, Light Weapons (SALW) and Ammunition and Their Impact in Latin America and the Caribbean;” and

VI. Regional and Specialized Security Concerns and Challenges

53. To encourage OAS member states to monitor the problem of illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, to actively participate in regional and subregional technical agencies, and to cooperate in exchanges of information, in order to promote hemispheric strategies to protect the security, marine environment, and sustainable use of the fisheries resources of the Hemisphere's nations, and to ensure that OAS member states work in a coordinated manner, as appropriate, to promote measures adopted by the states parties to regional fishery management organizations (RFMOs) and regional fishing bodies (RFBs), as well as in the FAO International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate IUU Fishing, by strengthening national and regional plans of action, and to consider ratifying or acceding to the Agreement on Port State Measures (AMERP).

A. Security concerns of member states of the Central American Integration System

(SICA)

54. Within the framework of the 2018 Cooperation Agreement between the General

Secretariat of the Central American Integration System and the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States, to instruct the OAS General Secretariat, with the support of the Inter-American Defense Board and other agencies of the inter-American system, to assist the Central American Security Commission in the process